2-Layer PCB Calculator | RayPCB Engineering Tools

Trace Width Calculator (IPC-2221)

Current (I)

Copper Thickness

Temperature Rise (ΔT)

°C

Layer Type

Minimum Width

--mil

Recommended

--mil

Current vs Trace Width Reference

Current	Min Width (1oz)	Recommended
0.5 A	10 mil	15-20 mil
1.0 A	20 mil	30-40 mil
2.0 A	50 mil	70-100 mil
3.0 A	100 mil	150+ mil
5.0 A	200 mil	Use polygon

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Tip: Values based on 10°C temperature rise. For higher currents, use copper pours or increase copper weight to 2oz.

Via Size Calculator

Via Current

Via Drill Size

Copper Plating Thickness

μm

Via Pad Diameter

--mm

Current Capacity

--A

Vias Needed

--pcs

Resistance

--mΩ

Via Design Tips

Standard Via: 0.3mm drill / 0.6mm pad is the most cost-effective option.

Via Spacing: Maintain ≥0.5mm via-to-via and ≥0.3mm via-to-pad clearance.

Power Vias: Use multiple vias in parallel for high-current paths (2+ vias per amp).

Thermal Vias: For exposed pads, use 5-9 vias in a grid pattern with 0.3mm drill.

Microstrip Impedance Calculator

Trace Width (W)

mil

Dielectric Height (H)

mil

Copper Thickness (T)

mil

Dielectric Constant (Er)

Characteristic Impedance (Z₀)

--Ω

Effective Er

Delay

--ps/in

Common Impedance Targets

Application	Target Z₀	Typical Width
Single-ended signals	50 Ω	~10 mil (1.6mm FR-4)
USB 2.0	90 Ω (diff)	~8 mil, 6 mil space
LVDS	100 Ω (diff)	~6 mil, 8 mil space
RF/Antenna	50 Ω	Width depends on Er

DFM Rule Checker

Min. Trace Width

mil

Min. Spacing

mil

Min. Via Drill

Via Annular Ring

mil

Solder Mask Clearance

mil

Board-Edge Clearance

mil

2-Layer Stackup Visualizer

Board Thickness

Copper Weight

Solder Mask (Top)~20 μm

Copper (Top Layer)35 μm

FR-4 Core Dielectric1.5 mm

Copper (Bottom Layer)35 μm

Solder Mask (Bottom)~20 μm

1.6

Total (mm)

1.5

Dielectric (mm)

4.5

Er (FR-4)

Cost Estimator

Board Size

Quantity

Surface Finish

Base PCB (2-Layer)$--

Surface Finish$--

Estimated Total$--

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Cost Saving Tip: Order standard 1.6mm thickness with HASL finish for best price.

Cost Optimization Tips

Use 6/6 mil trace/space rules instead of 4/4 mil to save 25-40%.

Choose 0.3mm vias over 0.2mm laser vias to save 30-50%.

Select HASL finish instead of ENIG unless needed for fine-pitch BGAs.

Order 20+ pieces to unlock volume pricing discounts of 15-25%.

Use standard lead time (7-10 days) vs express to save 50-200%.